A comparison of the manifestos of those parties with candidates standing across the United Kingdom.
Compare the manifestos
A comparison of the manifestos of those parties with candidates standing across the United Kingdom
Manifesto Comparison
Conservative - Crime and Policing
Give every neighbourhood an additional police officer by recruiting 8,000 more police officers to patrol communities and catch criminals in every ward in the country. These full time, fully warranted officers will be dedicated to neighbourhood policing.
We will introduce further powers to ban face coverings, pyrotechnics and climbing on war memorials.
We will take comprehensive action to crack down on organised waste crime, especially those who impact protected nature sites.
We will deliver our enhanced penalties for fly tipping, giving councils new tools to help tackle offenders.
Give every neighbourhood an additional police officer by recruiting 8,000 more police officers to patrol communities and catch criminals in every ward in the country. These full time, fully warranted officers will be dedicated to neighbourhood policing.
We will introduce further powers to ban face coverings, pyrotechnics and climbing on war memorials.
We will take comprehensive action to crack down on organised waste crime, especially those who impact protected nature sites.
We will deliver our enhanced penalties for fly tipping, giving councils new tools to help tackle offenders.
Green - Crime and Policing
Scrap the Police, Crime Sentencing and Courts Act, the Public Order Act and other legislation that erodes the right to protest and free expression.
Labour - Crime and Policing
Fly-tippers and vandals will also be forced to clean up the mess they have created.
Liberal Democrat - Crime and Policing
Scrapping Police and Crime Commissioners and replacing them with local Police Boards made up of councillors and representatives from relevant local groups, while investing the savings in frontline policing.
Introduce new laws to crack down on puppy and kitten smuggling.
Reform UK - Crime and Policing
Recruitment to increase UK per capita police numbers to 300 per 100k population.
Ensure that police return to the beat and use better technology and stop wasting time on paperwork. Allow PCSOs to become police officers before the role is phased out.
Conservative - Net Zero/Climate Change
Never forcing people to rip out their existing boiler and replace it with a heat pump.
We will fund an energy efficiency voucher scheme, open to every household in England, to support the installation of energy efficiency measures and solar panels.
We will ensure democratic consent for onshore wind.
We will support solar in the right places, not on our best agricultural land.
Green - Net Zero/Climate Change
Delivering a zero-carbon electricity supply and security, with sufficient electricity for all cars and vans to be electric and for all homes and buildings to stop using fossil fuels.
Labour - Net Zero/Climate Change
Local power generation is an essential part of the energy mix and reduces pressures on the transmission grid. Labour will deploy more distributed production capacity through our Local Power Plan.
Great British Energy will partner with energy companies, local authorities, and co-operatives to install thousands of clean power projects, through a combination of onshore wind, solar, and hydropower projects. We will invite communities to come forward with projects, and work with local leaders and devolved governments to ensure local people benefit directly from this energy production.
Liberal Democrat - Net Zero/Climate Change
Restoring our peatlands as a carbon store,and banning the use of horticultural peat and the routine burning of heather on peatlands.
Reform UK - Net Zero/Climate Change
Scrap Net Zero and related subsidies.
Energy - Scrap environmental levies.
Scrap annual £10 billion of renewable energy subsidies
Conservative - Natural Environment
Undertake a rapid review into the advantages of alternative network technologies, compared to overhead pylons. The review will consider moving to a presumption in favour of undergrounding where cost competitive.
Use fines from water companies to invest in river restoration projects.
Deliver our tree planting and peatland commitments through our Nature for Climate funding.
Cut red tape that holds back the planting of trees in the planning system.
Designate our 11th National Park alongside investing to improve existing National Parks and protected landscapes.
Continue to support programmes that encourage disadvantaged children and young people to access green spaces.
Deliver our commitments on National Trails including the Coast to Coast Path and the King Charles III England Coast Path.
Continue to work with landowners, charities and others to open up more ‘access to nature’ routes. We will not impose a universal Right to Roam.
Green - Natural Environment
Introduce a new Rights of Nature Act, giving rights to nature itself.
Extend people’s access to green space and waterways close to where they live with a new English Right to Roam Act.
Set aside 30% of our land and seas by 2030 in which nature will receive the highest priority and protection.
Ending the emergency authorisation of bee-killing pesticides.
Labour - Natural Environment
Labour will deliver for nature, taking action to meet our Environment Act targets.
Work in partnership with civil society, communities and business to restore and protect our natural world.
Labour will create nine new National River Walks, one in each region of England, and establish three new National Forests in England, whilst planting millions of trees and creating new woodlands.
Labour will expand nature-rich habitats such as wetlands, peat bogs and forests so families can explore and wildlife can thrive, including on public land.
Liberal Democrat - Natural Environment
Significantly increasing the amount of accessible green space, including protecting up to a million acres, completing the coastal path, exploring a ‘right to roam’ for waterways and creating a new designation of National Nature Parks.
Reform UK - Natural Environment
We can protect our environment with more tree planting, more recycling and less single use plastics. New technology will help, but we must not impoverish ourselves in pursuit of unaffordable, unachievable global CO2 targets.
Fast-track clean nuclear energy with new Small Modular Reactors, built in Britain. Increase and incentivise ethical UK lithium mining for electric batteries, combined cycle gas turbines, clean synthetic fuel, tidal power and explore clean coal mining.
Conservative - Food and Farming
Champion our rural communities by backing farmers with a legal target and additional investment for food security, and protecting our best agricultural land from solar farms.
Increase the UK-wide farming budget by £1 billion over the Parliament.
Continue to ringfence agricultural funding so it is passed directly on to farming and rural communities in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland alongside a new UK-wide £20 million Farming Innovation Fund.
Introduce a legally binding target to enhance our food security.
Improve public sector procurement to deliver our goal that at least 50% of food expenditure is spent on food produced locally or to higher environmental production standards.
Reform planning system to deliver fast track permissions for the building of infrastructure on farms.
Use our significant investment in R&D to prioritise cutting-edge technology in areas such as fertiliser and vertical farming.
Stick to our plan to support the agricultural sector with the labour it needs to maintain our food security, while moving away from the reliance on seasonal migrant labour with a five-year visa tapered scheme, alongside clear investment in automation and promoting agri-food careers and skills.
Stand up for farmers when negotiating new trade deals.
We will support Scotland’s fishing and farming industries. We have extended the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Scheme until 2029, introduced a new UK-wide Food Security Index and will increase the UK-wide farming budget by £1 billion over the next Parliament, ensuring the ringfenced amount provided to the Scottish Government rises by inflation each year.
Green - Food and Farming
Financial support for farmers to be almost tripled to support their transition to nature-friendly farming.
Biodiversity and soil health to be conserved and improved, leading to cleaner rivers.
Farm payments to be linked to reduced use of pesticides and other agro-chemicals.
Schools to involve children in growing, preparing and cooking food, as part of the core curriculum.
Labour - Food and Farming
Labour recognises that food security is national security. That is why we will champion British farming whilst protecting the environment.
We will set a target for half of all food purchased across the public sector to be locally produced or certified to higher environmental standards.
We will introduce a land-use framework and make environment land management schemes work for farmers and nature.
We will work with farmers and scientists on measures to eradicate Bovine TB, protecting livelihoods, so that we can end the ineffective badger cull.
Liberal Democrat - Food and Farming
Introducing a range of other ‘public money for public goods’ programmes, such as nature recovery, planting trees and protecting wildlife, contingent on farmers and land managers opting into an Environmental Land Management scheme.
Investing in rural and coastal infrastructure and services, including local abattoirs, so that communities are viable and can attract and retain workers, particularly from younger age groups.
Using public procurement policy to support the consumption of food produced to high standards of environmental and social sustainability, and which is nutritious, healthy and locally and seasonally sourced.
Renegotiating the Australia and New Zealand trade agreements in line with our objectives for health, environmental and animal welfare standards, withdrawing from them if that cannot be achieved.
Introducing robust and clear-to-understand food labelling.
Reform UK - Food and Farming
Increase the Farming Budget to £3 Billion Focus on smaller farms.
Keep farmland in use.
Bring young people into farming.
Boost rural economy and culture.
Increase innovation and diversification.
Help farmers to farm, not pay them to leave or retire.
Scrap climate-related farming subsidies productive land must be farmed, not be used for solar farms or rewilding.
Replace current subsidies with direct payments.
Stop Natural England from taking action that damages farmers.
Grant powers to the Competitions and Markets Authority to ensure fair pricing.
Help farmers sell their produce directly to the public.
Change planning laws to support farm shops with zero business rates.
Target 70% to ensure food security.
Taxpayer funded organisations should source 75% of their food from the UK.
Clear labelling for consumer choice.
Boost smaller food processors and abattoirs through tax breaks and other incentives.
Cut red tape from HMRC and the British Cattle Movement Service.
Conservative - Animal Welfare
Conservatives will always seek to preserve and enhance the rural way of life. We will make no changes to the Hunting Act.
Green - Animal Welfare
A ban on all blood sports, including trail hunting.
An end to badger culling.
An end to factory farming, enforcement of maximum stocking densities, and no routine use of antibiotics in farm animals.
A complete ban on close confinement in cages and the deliberate and unnecessary mutilation of farm animals.
Labour - Animal Welfare
Labour will improve animal welfare. We will ban trail hunting and the import of hunting trophies.
We will end puppy smuggling and farming, along with the use of snare traps.
We will partner with scientists, industry, and civil society as we work towards the phasing out of animal testing.
Full recovery of the cost of firearms licensing to pay for “youth workers and mentors in A&E units and Pupil Referral Units”.
Liberal Democrat - Animal Welfare
Passing a comprehensive new Animal Welfare Bill to ensure the highest standards possible.
Ensuring that no animal product that would be illegal to produce in the UK can be sold here, including foie gras and food produced with antibiotic growth promoters.
Developing safe, effective, humane, and evidence-based ways of controlling bovine tuberculosis, including by investing to produce workable vaccines.
Improving standards of animal health and welfare in agriculture, including a ban on caged hens, and preventing unnecessarily painful practices in farming.
Reform UK - Animal Welfare
Protect country sports - These increase investment and help conservation. They boost rural jobs, communities and local economies.
Conservative - Housing
Ensure councils have the powers they need to manage the uncontrolled growth of holiday lets.
We will do more to boost the availability of affordable housing for local people in rural areas.
We will ensure rural exception sites support local people into home ownership.
Create a dedicated taskforce in Homes England to deliver on the mission set out in their Rural Housing Statement.
Green - Housing
Protecting valuable green space for communities.
Requiring local authorities to spread small developments across theirareas.
Investing £9bn over the next five years for low-carbon heating systems (e.g. heat pumps) for homes and other buildings.
Ensuring that all new homes meet Passivhaus or equivalent standards and house builders include solar panels and heat pumps on all new homes, where appropriate.
Instating a community right to buy for local authorities for several categories of property.
Ending the individual ‘right to buy’, to keep social homes for local communities in perpetuity.
Introducing a tenants’ right to demand energy efficiency improvements.
Labour - Housing
Update the National Policy Planning Framework to undo damaging Conservative changes, including restoring mandatory housing targets.
We will take tough action to ensure that planning authorities have up-to-date Local Plans and reform and strengthen the presumption in favour of sustainable development.
Liberal Democrat - Housing
Expanding Neighbourhood Planning across England.
Building ten new garden cities.
Allowing councils to buy land for housing based on current use value rather than on a hope-value basis by reforming the Land Compensation Act 1961.
Properly funding local planning departments to improve planning outcomes and ensure housing is not built in areas of high flood risk without adequate mitigation, by allowing local authorities to set their own fees.
Encouraging the use of rural exception sites to expand rural housing.
Trialling Community Land Auctions to ensure that local communities receive a fair share of the benefits of new development in their areas and to help fund vital local services.
Encouraging development of existing brownfield sites with financial incentives and ensuring that affordable and social housing is included in these projects.
Introducing ‘use-it-or-lose-it’ planning permission for developers who refuse to build.
Give local authorities new powers to control second homes and short-term lets in their areas.
Reform UK - Housing
Cut Stamp Duty to 0% below £750k. Cut it to 2% from £750k - £1.5m and cut it to 4% over £1.5m.
Reform the planning system - Fast-track new housing on brownfield sites and infrastructure projects to boost businesses, especially in coastal regeneration areas, Wales, the North, and the Midlands.
Conservative - Communities and Local Government
Our Dental Recovery Plan will unlock 2.5 million more NHS dental appointments - Rural and coastal communities will be better served through ‘golden hellos’ to encourage dentists to work in these areas, and through new dental vans.
We will further improve access to NHS services across England by training more staff in rural and coastal areas.
The NHS Constitution will reflect the bespoke healthcare needs of rural and coastal communities and the need for the NHS to tailor services accordingly.
Look to recognise the unique circumstances of coastal areas in the allocation of grant funding to local authorities, alongside providing fairer funding for rural areas through the Rural Services Delivery Grant.
We will ensure Royal Mail continues to deliver the universal postal service in a way which is affordable for customers as well as being efficient and financially sustainable. Saturday deliveries… will not be scrapped.
We will invest in new technology to achieve our ambitious broadband targets for hard-to-reach areas.
Public arms-length bodies must be responsive to those they serve. Rural communities are clear that improvements must be made to the ways in which these bodies consult and make decisions, especially from Natural England and the Environment Agency. We will improve their accountability and give them clearer objectives to focus on. They must take balanced decisions and factor in the impact on the rural economy.
Green - Communities and Local Government
Bringing the railways, water companies and the Big 5 retail energy companies into public ownership.
Pushing for a share of community ownership in local sustainable energy infrastructure such as wind farms.
Labour - Communities and Local Government
We will update national planning policy to ensure the planning system meets the needs of a modern economy, making it easier to build… digital infrastructure…
Labour will make a renewed push to fulfil the ambition of full gigabit and national 5G coverage by 2030.
Royal Mail remains a key part of the UK’s infrastructure… including the need to maintain a comprehensive universal service obligation.
Labour will look for ways to strengthen the Post Office network… and support the development of new products, services and business models, such as banking hubs, that will help reinvigorate the high street.
Labour will work with industry to upgrade our national transmission infrastructure and rewire Britain.
The National Health Service needs to move to a Neighbourhood Health Service, with more care delivered in local communities to spot problems earlier. To achieve this, we must over time shift resources to primary care and community services.
Liberal Democrat - Communities and Local Government
Decentralise decision-making from Whitehall and Westminster by inviting local areas to take control of the services that matter to them most.
Appoint a cross-departmental Minister for Rural Communities, to make sure that rural voices are heard across government.
Give local authorities new powers to control second homes and short-term lets in their areas by: Allowing them to increase council tax by up to 500% where homes are being bought as second homes, with a stamp duty surcharge on overseas residents purchasing such properties. Creating a new planning class for these properties.
Encourage post offices to become community banking and government hubs, and keep DVLA services available at post office counters.
Enhance powers over community assets to help local authorities protect pubs, community farms, and other vital infrastructure.
Establish a Strategic Small Surgeries Fund to sustain GP services in rural and remote areas.
Properly fund local planning departments and give local authorities the powers to end Right to Buy in their areas.
Give local authorities the powers they need to restore bus routes and add new ones where there is local need, especially in rural areas, as set out in chapter 16.
Help motorists in rural areas who face higher fuel costs by expanding Rural Fuel Duty Relief.
Reform UK - Communities and Local Government
Lower fuel duty by 20p per litre for both residential and business users. Scrap VAT on energy bills.
Abolish the VAT tourist tax.
Lift the minimum profit threshold to £100k. Reduce the main Corporation Tax Rate from 25% to 20%, then to 15% from Year 3.
Abolish IR35 rules to support sole traders.
Conservative - Transport
Invest £4.7 billion for smaller cities, towns and rural areas in the North and Midlands to spend on their transport priorities. This will cut congestion and upgrade local bus and train stations.
A Conservative Government will not introduce pay per mile road pricing and will ban Mayors and local councils from doing so.
Buses are overwhelmingly the most popular form of public transport, in both urban and rural areas. We will extend the £2 bus fare cap in England for the entirety of the next Parliament.
Green - Transport
Invest in an additional £19bn over five years to improve public transport, support electrification and create new cycleways and footpaths.
Give local authorities control over and funding for improved bus services.
Reimagining how we use streets in residential areas to reduce traffic and open them up for community use.
Labour - Transport
Labour will maintain and renew our road network, to ensure it serves drivers, cyclists and other road users, remains safe, and tackles congestion.
We will fix an additional one million potholes across England in each year of the next parliament, funded by deferring the A27 bypass, which is poor value for money.
Labour will support the transition to electric vehicles by accelerating the roll out of charge points, giving certainty to manufacturers by restoring the phase-out date of 2030 for new cars with internal combustion engines, and supporting buyers of second-hand electric cars by standardising the information supplied on the condition of batteries.
We will put passengers at the heart of the service by reforming the railways and bringing them into public ownership. Great British Railways will deliver a unified system that focuses on reliable, affordable, high-quality, and efficient services; along with ensuring safety and accessibility.
Building on the work of Labour mayors, we will reform the broken system through new powers for local leaders to franchise local bus services, and we will lift the ban on municipal ownership.
Liberal Democrat - Transport
Make it easy and cheap to charge electric vehicles by: Rolling out far more charging points, including residential on-street points and ultra-fast chargers at service stations. Supporting new charging points with an upgraded National Grid and a step-change in local grid capacity. Cutting VAT on public charging to 5%. Requiring all charging points to be accessible with a bank card.
Protect motorists from rip-offs, including unfair insurance and petrol prices.
Boost bus services by: Supporting rural bus services and encouraging alternatives to conventional bus services where they are not viable, such as on-demand services. Maintaining the £2 cap on bus fares while fares are reviewed. Replacing multiple funding streams with one integrated fund for local authorities for expanding bus services and switching to zero-emission vehicles. Extending current programmes to encourage local authorities and bus operators to switch entirely to zero-emission buses.
Reform UK - Transport
Scrap HS2.
Legislate to ban ULEZ Clean Air Zones and Low Traffic Neighbourhoods. Scrapping Net Zero means no more bans on petrol and diesel cars and no legal requirements for manufacturers to sell electric cars. We will keep the speed limit low where safety is critical. Otherwise, 20 MPH zones will be scrapped.
Accelerate transport infrastructure - Focus on our coastal regions, Wales, the North, and the Midlands. Improve existing rail and road links. Integrated services are critical.
